Cropping
Cropping of pictures can be used to remove unwanted or distracting elements of the picture. It can also change the whole view of the picture to give balance or emphasize an element that was maybe lost on the original image.
I took this first shot of a penguin that had been injured and had both its feet bandaged. I didn’t have much time to compose the shot, and ended up with the penguin representing less than a quarter of the shot. The rest of the shot is fairly uninteresting. With all the other distractions in the picture, it is not obvious that the penguin was injured.
By cropping out a lot of the background, I have effectively turned the shot from a landscape to a portrait image, and now, the penguin is the centre of attention, and without the visual distractions, it is much more obvious that it has two bandaged feet.
In this shot of Sydney Harbour Bridge, you will see that there are the tops of some railings in the foreground, and a boat or something just out on the water in the midground. In some shots, this might help the viewer to gauge the distance, but in this shot, they are just ugly distractions.
By Cropping the photograph below, the bridge is now visible without the distractions.
The final example is a shot I took of a small boat. When I took the shot, I though the reflection was quite a nice touch (and I still do!)
I cropped this in order to divide the shot into two separate diagonal sections with the boat and mooring line running from the bottom right corner of the shot, and the bow (pointy end) in the top left corner. Not sure this is a particularly good crop as it seems to have a lot of nothing in the top right part of the picture.
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